Sesquiterpene Lactones – Insights into Biosynthesis, Regulation and Signalling Roles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) are bitter tasting plant specialized metabolites derived from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) that contain a characteristic lactone ring. STLs can be found in many plant families that are distantly related to each other and outside the plant kingdom. They are especially prevalent in the plant families Apiaceae and Asteraceae, the latter being one of the largest plant families besides the Orchidaceae. The STL diversity is especially large in the Asteraceae, which made them an ideal object for chemosystematic studies in these species. Many STLs show a high bioactivity, for example as protective compounds against herbivory. STLs are also relevant for pharmaceutical applications, such as the treatment of malaria with artemisinin. Recent findings have dramatically changed our knowledge about the biosynthesis of STLs, as well as their developmental, spatial, and environmental regulation. This review intents to update the currently achieved progress in these aspects. With the advancement of genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas and the rapid acceleration of the speed of genome sequencing, even deeper insights into the biosynthesis, regulation, and enzyme evolution of STL can be expected in the future. Apart from their role as protective compounds, there may be a more subtle role of STL in regulatory processes of plants that will be discussed as well.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".