Rotational and hyperfine structure in the A4Δ – X4Φ, B4Γ – X4Φ and C4Δ – X4Φ transitions of ruthenium monofluoride (RuF)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) has been used to study the spectroscopy of ruthenium monofluoride (RuF) in the UNB laser-ablation molecular-jet apparatus. High-resolution spectra of three band systems have been obtained, with a linewidth (FWHM) of ∼0.004 cm −1 , in the near infrared (NIR), green and blue regions at ∼ 760 nm, 548 nm and 450 nm respectively. Electronic states have been assigned based on observation of first lines in the R and P branches and the excited states are labelled A, B and C in increasing energy order. Three transitions have been assigned to the green system as spin–orbit components, B 4 Γ 5.5 – X 4 Φ 4.5 and B 4 Γ 4.5 – X 4 Φ 3.5 of the (0,0) band, and B 4 Γ 5.5 – X 4 Φ 4.5 of the (1,1) band of the B – X system. The single NIR and blue bands were assigned as A 4 Δ 3.5 - X 4 Φ 4.5 (0,0) and C 4 Δ 3.5 - X 4 Φ 4.5 (0,0) respectively. Rotational structure of four individual isotopologues 96 RuF, 100 RuF, 102 RuF and 104 RuF was well resolved and used to examine the rotational and vibrational isotope effects. The rotational lines were doubled by hyperfine structure due to the nuclear spin I = ½ of fluorine. The hyperfine structure due to the nuclear spin I = 5/2 of 99 Ru and 101 Ru was not resolved resulting in weak broadened 99 RuF and 101 RuF lines that were overlapped by the stronger lines of the other isotopologues and could only be assigned in the C 4 Δ 3.5 - X 4 Φ 4.5 (0,0) band. The fluorine hyperfine structure was used to estimate the fraction of F 2sσ and 2pπ in the Ru-centered σ and π molecular orbitals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".