First sighting of a sloth bear in a decade in Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) are listed as Vulnerable on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of threatened species with a global population estimate of <17,000 individuals. In southwestern Nepal, Shuklaphanta National Park includes the largest uninterrupted expanse of grassland in the region and provides suitable habitat for sloth bears. No records of sloth bears from Shuklaphanta National Park, however, have been reported since 2013. We present the first photographic evidence of a sloth bear in Shuklaphanta National Park in a decade. In addition, we observed a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) at the same location as the sloth bear 5 days later. These observations highlight the need for further research into the occurrence and movements of sloth bears in this region as well as the extent of co-occupancy and types of interactions between sloth bears and tigers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".