Exploring the use of supercritical carbon dioxide in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic substrate
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enzymes are critical components for production of fermentable sugars in lignocellulosic biorefineries. Their activity could be influenced by various reaction parameters. Herein, a formulated cellulolytic enzyme cocktail was immobilized into mesoporous aerogel material and used under high pressure environment of supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ). The cocktail was immobilized at different enzyme loads (36.0 to 144.0 mg enzyme/g aerogel) using sol-gel entrapment method and scCO 2 drying. The immobilized cocktail at 144.0 mg/g aerogel enzyme load retained a residual yield of >50.0 % after fourth cycle of reuse compared to first cycle under atmospheric pressure. Sugar yield by the cocktail aerogel was below 10 wt% in second cycle under scCO 2 due to enzyme leaching. Additionally, surface area and porous volume of reused aerogels was decreased over the reuse cycles. The study suggests that scCO 2 could be employed for aerogel preparation after optimizing the immobilization process for pure enzymes rather than crude enzymes. • Cellulolytic enzyme cocktail formulation was optimized for enhanced activity. • Enzyme immobilized into silica oxide aerogel by entrapment method for enzyme reuse • Enzymatic hydrolysis of water-soluble/insoluble cellulose conducted under scCO 2 • Surface area and porous volumes of aerogel reduced over reuse cycles • >50 % of the activity of immobilized enzyme was retained after four cycles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it