Relationship between reaction time variability on go/no go tasks and neuropsychological functioning in younger and older adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Early detection of cognitive impairment in older adults is important for the prevention of dementia. Intra-individual variability in reaction time (IIV-RT) during go/no-go tasks can be used for the early detection of cognitive impairment in older adults living in the community. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IIV-RT and cognitive function during go/no-go tasks and the cutoff values for determining the risk of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults.Methods This study included 31 older adults without cognitive impairment, 15 community-dwelling older adults with cognitive impairment, and 34 healthy young adults. All participants performed a go/no-go task to assess the IIV-RT. Additionally, older adults underwent neuropsychological testing. Based on the results of the Japanese version of the Montreal Test of Cognitive Abilities (MoCA-J), older adults were divided into those with normal cognition and those with cognitive impairment.Results There were significant differences in the IIV-RT among groups, including a higher IIV in the cognitively impaired group than in young adults and cognitively normal older adults. Moreover, the IIV-RT was correlated with the MoCA-J (r = −0.531, p < 0.001), Trail Making Test Part A (r = 0.571, p < 0.001), and Verbal Fluency Test scores (r = −0.442, p = 0.002). Receiver operating curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for IIV-RT was 0.935, and the cutoff value at which the IIV-RT identified cognitive impairment was 25.37%.Conclusions These findings indicate that the IIV-RT during go/no-go tasks is a useful early indicator of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".