BMI as a Predictor of Recurrence in High-Grade Meningioma: A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Elevated BMI has been proposed as a risk factor for the development of meningioma. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and disease control in high-grade meningioma has not yet been examined. A retrospective cohort study was performed to assess the relationship between high-grade meningioma recurrence and BMI. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with Grade 2 or Grade 3 meningioma at a single tertiary care center between 2008 and 2017. We collected clinical data including age, sex, BMI, location, Simpson grade, brain invasion, and radiation treatments. Disease control was monitored on follow-up MRI scans. We stratified patients by BMI greater than or less than 25. Results: A total of 45 patients were included. The mean age at presentation was 66 years old. In our series, there were 26 female patients (57.8%) and 19 male patients (42.2%). Recurrence was observed in 15 patients (33.3%). There were 32 (71.1%) patients with BMI > 25, and 13 (28.9%) patients with normal BMI. The mean time to recurrence was 24 months. Patients with elevated BMI had higher risk of recurrence ( p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis identified BMI as an independent predictor of recurrence. Conclusion: Our results suggest that overweight patients with a Grade 2 or Grade 3 meningioma are at a higher risk of recurrence than patients with normal BMI. The explanation for this association is as yet unknown. Further research is suggested to confirm and better characterize this association. Publication History Article published online: 05 February 2024 © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".