Therapeutic Vaccines for Follicular Lymphoma: A Systematic Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(1) Background: We aimed to estimate the pooled effectiveness and safety of vaccination in follicular lymphoma (FL) and discuss implications for immunotherapy development. (2) Methods: We included randomized trials (RCTs) of therapeutic vaccines in patients with FL. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary outcome. We searched databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core, medRxiv) and registries (PROSPERO, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, EuCTR, WHO ICTRP) and conducted online, citation, and manual searches. We assessed risks of bias across outcomes using RoB 2.0 and across studies using ROB-ME and a contour-enhanced funnel plot. (3) Results: Three RCTs were included (813 patients, both previously treated and untreated). Patients with a complete or partial response after chemotherapy were randomized to either a patient-specific recombinant idiotype keyhole limpet hemocyanin (Id-KLH) vaccine plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or placebo immunotherapy (KLH + GM-CSF). Meta-analyses showed that PFS was worse with the vaccine, but not significantly: hazard ratio, 1.09 (95% CI 0.91-1.30). The GRADE certainty of evidence was moderate. Adverse event data were mixed. (4) Conclusions: We are moderately certain that Id-KLH results in little to no difference in PFS in FL. (5) Funding: Russian Science Foundation grant #22-25-00516. (6) Registration: PROSPERO CRD42023457528.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".