Vertically propagating seiches and standing modes preclusion in a steep-bottom tropical reservoir
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work investigates observations of gradual upward phase shifting of temperature oscillations in a steep tropical reservoir, which differ from the π radians sharp shifts that are usually accepted for the description of baroclinic motions in terms of normal modes. Supported on numerical modeling and theoretical inviscid wave ray tracing, we show that the gradual upward phase shifting is the signature of vertically propagating seiches, which refer to basin-scale oscillations that are stationary in the horizontal but propagate downwards in the vertical. We show that the vertically propagating seiche occurs due to the predominant supercritical reflection of the internal wave rays at the lake boundaries, which focuses the internal wave energy downwards with a minor fraction of the energy reflected upwards, resulting in a net downward energy propagation. The net downward energy flux precludes the formation of standing waves, with potential implications for the common framework of the energy flux path at the interior of stratified lakes. The analysis supports that vertically propagating seiches and standing mode preclusion are expected to occur in any given lake, but their signatures are more evident in steep sided lakes, with a wide metalimnion and/or for lower forcing frequencies, characteristic of higher order vertical modes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".