López Rupérez, F. (2021). La gobernanza de los sistemas educativos. Fundamentos y orientaciones [The governance of educational systems: Foundations and orientations]. (Ismael Sanz Labrador)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La gobernanza de los sistemas educativos. Fundamentos y orientaciones is a very necessary and opportune book in these years in which we have seen how evidence-based educational policies are gaining ground in the countries of the developed world. Francisco López Rupérez’s book is an important contribution to help ensure that this trend of incorporating the conclusions from rigorous, scientific studies into decision making will also, with all of its force, reach the steps taken in education in Spain. , The conclusions of La gobernanza de los sistemas educativos. Fundamentos y orientaciones are very relevant. In particular, chapter 8 of the book includes the reflections of Olibie (2013) on the curriculum: , In 2020, I had the chance to edit the issue of Papeles de Economía Española on “Human capital in the digital economy” and in the introduction to it, I noted that , Human capital and technological progress are two fundamental and interrelated factors that are at the core of economic development, as two of the 2019 winners of the Nobel Prize in Economics, Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, recently observed in Good economics for hard times (2019): , To face the major challenge that automation and robotisation pose for the educational system, it is important that the people responsible for educational policies in Spain are aware of the digitalisation process of the economy in which we are immersed. It is vital that the leaders of the Ministry of Education and the education ministries of Spain’s Autonomous Regions have training, competences, and skills at the level that the challenge we are facing demands. As Francisco López Rupérez states, , Ultimately, “it is not acceptable to demand things from the lower levels of the educational system that the higher levels are not in a position to offer” (p. 198). , José García Montalvo, from the Universidad Pompeu Fabra, stated in 2013 in the State School Council’s journal Participación Educativa, then chaired by López Rupérez himself, that the educational measures implemented must be based on empirical evidence and not on prejudices or justifications that are taken for granted before applying them at scale. Research-based educational interventions that have a scientific basis using rigorous methodologies. As I myself added in the introduction to the issue of Papeles de Economía Española, it is a matter of evaluations based on experimental design with controlled and randomised or pseudo-experimental tests using, for example, instrumental variables, difference
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.025 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".