Aerosol jet printed temperature sensors using an environmentally friendly bilayer dielectric
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract With the rise of the internet of things and applications such as smart packaging, the need for low cost, disposable temperature sensors with minimum environmental impact are critical. In this study, we report fully printed capacitive temperature sensors made from bio-degradable dielectric materials. All layers were aerosol jet printed and the areal capacitance was characterized at several temperatures between room temperature (22 ˚C) and 80 °C. Using a bilayer dielectric structure, a layer of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was encapsulated with polycaprolactone (PCL) through interfacial crosslinking to protect it against humidity. Various concentrations and layer amounts of PVA were investigated, with the most effective capacitors consisting of a single layer of PVA deposited from a 5.0 mg ml−1 solution followed by a layer of the UV-crosslink-able PCL deposited from 2.0 mg ml−1 solution, achieving a 43 ± 6% increase in areal capacitance at 80 °C when compared to room temperature, measured at a frequency of 501 Hz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".