Lipid remodeling during early development of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lipids play a crucial role in a range of physiological processes , with a particular significance during the early development stages. However, our understanding of lipid remodeling in cold-water salmon species during these critical early developmental phases remains limited. To address this, a comprehensive lipidomic study was conducted using rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) as a model and four critical developmental stages were selected for analysis (i.e., newly fertilized eggs, eyed stage, post-hatch sac-fry stage, and swim-up stage). As expected, our results demonstrated significant lipid alterations during early development of rainbow trout. Through fuzzy c-mean clustering analysis, our study further provided a detailed description on the dynamic changes and regulation of the lipidome . Most unsaturated phosphatidylcholines (PCs) excluding very long-chain polyunsaturated PCs and all polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (TGs) were continuously consumed, suggesting that they are the major energy sources and/or precursor substances for early-stage development in rainbow trout. Gradual increases in very long-chain polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and PCs, phosphatidylserines (PSs), as well as saturated and monounsaturated sphingomyelins (SMs) were observed in this study, which may closely associate with retina and brain development, and the myelination process. Additionally, diacylglycerol (DG), a well-known second messenger, displayed continuous synthesis throughout embryogenesis in this study. In addition to the abovementioned lipid dynamics, our study also found distinct patterns of change in certain glycerophospholipids (GP) isomers, while all glycerolipid (GL) isomers exhibited consistent trends in alteration, indicating different GP isomers may have different biological functions or activities for early development. Overall, this study emphasized the significant roles of lipids during the early development of rainbow trout and served as an informational data set for fish development-related research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".