Comparison of Epworth Sleepiness Scale and OSA‐18 Scores With Polysomnography in Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Our goal is to determine if there is a correlation between Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale (M-ESS) scores, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-18 scores, and polysomnography (PSG) outcomes in children. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Pediatric otolaryngology clinic. METHODS: Charts of consecutive children presenting from July 2021 to July 2023 were reviewed. Demographics, body mass index (BMI), BMI Z score, M-ESS score, OSA-18 score, PSG results, and sleep apnea severity were included. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated. RESULTS: Three hundred sixty-seven children were included, 162 (44.1%) girls and 205 (55.9%) boys. Mean patient age was 7.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.3-8.3) years. M-ESS score was 6.3 (n = 348, 95% CI: 5.8-6.8), mean OSA-18 score was 56.2 (n = 129, 95% CI: 53.0-59.4). Mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 10.1 (95% CI: 8.7-11.4) events/h, obstructive AHI 9.3 (95% CI: 8.0-12.7) events/h, respiratory distress index 14.6 (95% CI: 8.4-20.8) events/h, and oxygen saturation nadir 89.8% (95% CI: 89.1-90.4). Sixty-two children (17.2%) had mild, 192 (53.5%) moderate, and 105 (29.2%) severe sleep apnea. M-ESS score correlated weakly to AHI (r = .19, P = <.001), and OSA-18 score to oxygen saturation nadir (r = -.16, P = .002). After logistic regression adjusted for age and BMI, neither clinical scores were independently associated with AHI. CONCLUSION: M-ESS and OSA-18 scores have a weak correlation with OSA severity in children. More reliable, age-appropriate screening tools are needed in pediatric sleep apnea.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".