Culture of Migration: A Theoretical Account with a Particular Focus on Iran
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Attention to the subjective aspects of the migration process has been rising recently, including attention to the notion of the 'culture of migration.' Triggered by an increase in the number of actual migrants and perpetuated through an increase in the desire for migration, the 'culture of migration' heavily affects the migration field in both receiving and, particularly, sending countries. In this article, we have examined the latter through the case study of Iran. The study draws on three sources of data: a) 71 face-to-face interviews, b) Google Trends data, and c) the analysis of more than 200,000 tweets in Farsi using Natural Language Processing tools. The findings show that the culture of migration alters the social landscape in the sending countries, leading people to view migration as the sole feasible choice to fulfill their wishes for change in their individual and social circumstances. They also show that the culture of migration works simultaneously as both the 'push' and 'pull' forces, operating through phenomena such as the rite of passage, relative deprivation, shift in reference groups, and so on. We have also examined the interaction between the 'culture of migration' and social movements in Iran as an illustration of the deep connection between the former and broader non-migration dynamics in sending countries. The implications of this study for future research are discussed. Résumé: L'attention portée aux aspects subjectifs du processus migratoire s'est accrue récemment, y compris l'attention portée à la notion de "culture de la migration". Déclenchée par une augmentation du nombre de migrants réels et perpétuée par une augmentation du désir de migration, la "culture de la migration" affecte fortement le domaine de la migration à la fois dans les pays d'accueil et, en particulier, dans les pays d'origine. Dans cet article, nous avons examiné ce dernier point à travers l'étude de cas de l'Iran. L'étude s'appuie sur trois sources de données : a) 71 entretiens en face à face, b) des données Google Trends et c) l'analyse de plus de 200 000 tweets en Farsi à l'aide d'outils de traitement du langage naturel. Les résultats montrent que la culture de la migration modifie le paysage social dans les pays d'origine, amenant les gens à considérer la migration comme le seul choix possible pour répondre à leurs souhaits de changement de leur situation individuelle et sociale. Elles montrent également que la culture de la migration agit simultanément en tant que force de "poussée" et de "traction", en opérant par le biais de phénomènes tels que le rite de passage, la privation relative, le changement de groupes de référence, et ainsi de suite. Nous avons également examiné l'interaction entre la "culture de la migration" et les mouvements sociaux en Iran afin d'illustrer le lien profond entre la culture de la migration et les dynamiques non migratoires plus larges dans les pays d'origine. Les implications de cette étude pour les recherches futures sont analysées.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".