Optimal Design of a Decarbonized Sector-Coupled Microgrid: Electricity-Heat-Hydrogen-Transport Sectors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Benefits accrued by virtue of the presence of microgrids have led to their increased deployment beyond their original objective of supplying power to the remote communities. However, in order to achieve a zero emission energy sector, the challenge is to design a carbon-neutral microgrid. This paper presents a novel, optimal design for a decarbonized microgrid taking into consideration the concept of sector-coupling, by integrating the electric, heat/thermal, hydrogen and transport sectors. The microgrid also includes wind facilities, solar PV panels, green hydrogen system (fuel cells, electrolyzers, storage tanks), Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). The real isolated microgrid of Kasabonika Lake First Nation (KLFN) in northern Ontario, Canada, is considered for the design studies and to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility. The effect of (US) Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA2022) is examined. Results demonstrate the practicability and techno-economic merits of the proposed Decarbonized Sector-coupled Microgrid (DCSCMG). The proposed DCSCMG is compared to the existing diesel-based KLFN microgrid on economic metrics, levelized Cost of Energy (COE) and emissions. Further, the advantages offered by inclusion of BESSs and/or sector-coupling are investigated in the context of net-zero.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".