Geomechanical Modeling and Minimum Fracture Pressure Prediction of CO2 Storage Reservoir Caprock in the Lloydminster Area
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Acknowledging the critical imperative to reduce CO2 emissions globally, there is a heightened drive towards adopting the preferred CCUS technology to achieve sustainable greenhouse gas reduction. CCUS requires a reliable caprock integrity to prevent CO2 migration and ensure the success of the injection program. Nevertheless, the impact of mineralogical alterations on caprock integrity continues to elude comprehensive understanding through research. This study investigates the evolution of caprock integrity resulting from long-term CO2 storage-induced mineralogical changes. A 2D Voronoi model is developed to predict the minimum fracture pressure of sideritic shale caprocks with varying mineral compositions in the Waseca heavy oil formation, Canada. The numerical simulations are validated against geomechanical test results, showing good agreement. Sensitivity analysis reveals visible variations in the plastic deformation process due to CO2-water-rock reactions and mineral transformations. Results indicate that caprocks with higher hard minerals, such as quartz, exhibit higher minimum fracture pressures. Additionally, positive interactions between siderite and feldspar intensify cementation within the pore structure. This study provides valuable insights into the mineralogical change effects on caprock integrity and offers a reliable framework for assessing caprock integrity during long-term CO2 storage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".