Inferring Katabatic Jet Height with Near-Surface Measurements
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the development of katabatic wind systems above mountain glaciers is essential to better constrain the response of the local glacier microclimate and surface melting to large-scale climate forcing. The vertical turbulent flux profiles, and consequently turbulent fluxes at the glacier surface during katabatic flow, depend strongly on the height of the near-surface katabatic jet. However, direct measurements of jet heights are rare as they require balloon soundings or meteorological towers; neither of which are appropriate for long-term installation on glaciers. In this study, we conduct a multi-month field campaign in the summer of 2023 on the Kaskawulsh Glacier in the Yukon, Canada, measuring mean meteorological variables (up to 5m above the glacier surface), and turbulent fluxes at three heights (1m, 2m, and 3m above the surface) derived from eddy-covariance measurements. Over 30 hours of atmospheric  profiling with wind and temperature sensors tethered to a kite provides temporally and spatially high-resolution vertical profiles of katabatic flow. Using Multi-Resolution Flux Decomposition (MRD) applied to the eddy-covariance data from only one near-surface sonic anemometer, we introduce a method to infer the height of the katabatic wind speed maximum using the length scales of the most energetic eddies contributing to the heat flux. The inferred katabatic height for each 30-min interval of observations agrees with the corresponding measured 30-min average height from the atmospheric profiling, with a correlation of 0.73 and a mean bias error of 0.3m between the two datasets. We demonstrate that turbulent mixing lengths of momentum and heat fluxes can also be quantified with the use of MRD on the eddy-covariance data, and we propose a simple modification in the parametrizations of mixing-length models accounting for the near-surface katabatic jet. We corroborate these findings with data collected as part of the Second Meteor Crater Experiment (METCRAX II), providing tower-based measurements of deep katabatic flow at non-glacier terrain in the Arizona Meteor Crater.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it