Infant and Maternal Morbidity Symptoms as Predictors for the Interruption of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Lima, Peru: A Prospective Study
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
•IEBF was associated with morbidity symptoms only for infants ≥30 days old.•Maternal morbidity symptoms increase the likelihood of IEBF for the first 6 months.•Visits to clinics are opportunities to reinforce breastfeeding during illness.•Families need knowledge and skills on how to continue EBF, even during illness. IntroductionThe global prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is 48%. This analysis examined the relationship between infant and maternal morbidity symptoms and the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding.MethodsData from a cohort study among women living in a peri-urban community in Peru were used. Data were collected during pregnancy, birth, and the first 6 months postpartum among 179 dyads...ResultsAfter the first month, interruption of exclusive breastfeeding was almost twofold (adjusted odds ration [aOR] = 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14, 3.45) more likely among infants with symptoms (e.g., diarrhea, cough) than those without. Maternal morbidity symptoms (e.g., gastrointestinal, respiratory) and breast problems were positively associated with interruption of exclusive breastfeeding throughout the first 6 months (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.82 and aOR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.84, 5.69, respectively).DiscussionMother–infant dyads often experience illness symptoms that are not contraindications to breastfeeding. Health professionals need to reinforce that exclusive breastfeeding should continue during illness.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it