Comparative Analysis of Dielectric Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Polyethylene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article presents a new comparative analysis of the dielectric properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene (PE) at different temperatures and their other physical properties. The characteristic peaks were observed in the FTIR spectra of the polymers. The amounts of carbon and oxygen on PVA’s surface differed from PE. It was hypothesized that these properties could be affected by the increase in temperature and difference in the chemical structures of the polymers. We investigated the dielectric properties of these polymers between 20 °C and 100 °C. Our results revealed that the dielectric properties of these polymers were not the same. The actual permittivity values of PVA at low temperatures were almost constant for all frequency values and increased at higher temperatures with the decrease in frequency. The same pattern concerning the increase of imaginary permittivity of this polymer was observed at low frequencies. The increase of the real and imaginary permittivity of the PVA accompanied the increase in temperature. The actual permittivity of PE was almost constant with the frequency at different temperatures. However, the imaginary permittivity of this polymer showed an increase at low frequencies. The increase in temperature accompanies the increase of the PE’s imaginary permittivity. As expected, the capacitance, like permittivity, changed differently for the polymers. Moreover, an increase in temperature had more effect on the conductivity of PVA than that of PE. The difference in these polymers’ dielectric properties could be due to their chemical structures. The results of this article can be used for further applications of PVA and PE in science and engineering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".