<i>Scolicia,</i>ichnotaxonomic practices, and the limits of behavioural convergence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many studies convincingly documented the diagnostic morphology of Scolicia, establishing a functional link with the burrowing activities of heart urchins, common components of the marine mobile faunas that emerged during the Mesozoic Marine Revolution. However, this ichnotaxon has been repeatedly mentioned in both continental successions and Paleozoic marine strata, even though its diagnostic characteristics were absent. This approach may reflect the implicit belief that behavioural convergence is rampant in the ichnologic record and can be uncritically adopted in almost all cases. We underscore the importance of a definition of Scolicia that is based on diagnostic morphologic features and supported by a solid analysis from the perspective of function and mode of construction. This view of Scolicia highlights its value in paleoenvironmental reconstructions and its significance to unravel macroevolutionary trends. Attribution to an ichnotaxon should involve understanding of morphologic features in terms of its mode of production rather than the mere observation of superficial similarities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".