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Record W4394786031 · doi:10.1080/14733315.2024.2333669

Compartmentalization and ventilation system impacts on air and contaminant transport for multifamily buildings

2024· article· en· W4394786031 on OpenAlex
Iain S. Walker, Brennan Less, Cara H. Lozinsky, David M. Lorenzetti, Núria Casquero-Modrego, Michael D. Sohn

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Ventilation · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicBuilding Energy and Comfort Optimization
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
FundersLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaUniversidad de ValladolidUniversity of TorontoU.S. Department of Energy
KeywordsASHRAE 90.1Ventilation (architecture)Environmental scienceIndoor air qualityApartmentWork (physics)EngineeringArchitectural engineeringCurrent (fluid)Natural ventilationEnvironmental engineeringCivil engineeringMeteorologyMechanical engineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Provision of acceptable indoor air quality in multifamily buildings (MFBs) depends on the interior air flows that impact dilution of contaminants, cross-contamination between units and building energy use. The airtightness of interior partitions and design of ventilation systems in MFBs determine the flows across building partitions. These flows change the total ventilation rate for the building and individual units, and impact the mixing of air and contaminants between apartment units or with common spaces. This study examines the changes in air flow and contaminant transport in MFBs using combined CONTAM/EnergyPlus models. Key parameters were systematically varied, including climate, apartment airtightness, and mechanical ventilation system type. Simulations were performed for mid-rise buildings with and without an enclosed common corridor, and a 20-story high-rise building. Contaminants simulated in the analysis were PM2.5, formaldehyde, water vapor, and CO2. Key results of this work are that current airtightness requirements in ASHRAE 62.2 sufficiently limit transport of key contaminants, independent of the type of ventilation system across all three building typologies, and significantly reduce energy use in colder climates. The results of this work are intended to assist codes and standards bodies in setting appropriate airtightness limits and ventilation system design guidelines for MFBs.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.295
Threshold uncertainty score0.327

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.238
Teacher spread0.231 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it