A study on effect of laser overlay welding parameters of stainless steel 301 LN: tensile test, microstructure analysis and microhardness evaluation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of laser overlay welding parameters on the performance of stainless steel 301 LN. The correlation between welding conditions and material characteristics was explored through systematic experiments involving tensile testing, microstructure analysis and microhardness evaluation. The study reveals that optimizing welding parameters, such as laser power, laser speed and oscillation amplitude, significantly enhances both the mechanical strength and microstructural features of stainless steel 301 LN. The results show the maximum strength was achieved using a power of 3 kW, 2 m/min speed, oscillation amplitude of 1.5 mm and focal position of 6 mm. The microhardness results displayed a significant drop in the centre of the welded zone due to thermal dynamics. Additionally, the findings of fractography results highlighted how minimum and maximum welding parameters affect the fracture characteristics and integrity of welded joints. The study also revealed a complex range of microstructures, including skeletal, vermicular and lathy ferrite formations. The microstructural images provide valuable insights into the size and distribution of lathy ferrites, and the transformation of delta-ferrite to austenite, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the welding process. Overall, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts to refine manufacturing processes and applications for stainless steel.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it