Thermocapillary motion of a solid cylinder near a liquid–gas interface: Janus geometry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, an analytical model is developed for the thermocapillary propulsion of a solid cylinder near a convective liquid–gas interface. Thermocapillarity originates from the temperature-induced surface tension gradients at the liquid–gas interface when the surface temperature of a cylinder residing near the interface differs from the liquid phase. In this work, we consider Janus cylinders with piece-wise constant surface temperatures or heat fluxes. In the former case, we addressed the Gibbs' phenomenon induced by the points of discontinuity. The developed procedure allowed us to study the dynamics of the general case of cylinders with different surface ratios of piece-wise constant temperatures and find the configurations inducing the largest velocities. Most Janus configurations result in motion of the cylinder parallel to the liquid–gas interface. The efficiency of the propulsion parallel to the liquid–gas interface is of the same order of magnitude as the propulsion efficiency of an isotropic cylinder normal to the interface. Considering the emerging interest of scientific community in mechanisms beyond the catalytically induced propulsion, this study may help to shed light on new ways to modulate the propulsion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".