EVOLUTION OF PENTOSAN POLYSULFATE SODIUM MACULOPATHY FOLLOWING MEDICATION DISCONTINUATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To describe a patient receiving pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) for interstitial cystitis, who developed PPS maculopathy that persisted and evolved for 4 years after medication discontinuation. Methods: Case report of one patient at a tertiary retina clinic. Results: A 48-year-old woman with a history of interstitial cystitis was referred to our retina clinic with no vision complaints. She had been taking PPS for 10 years, first consuming 600 mg/day for 8 years, followed by 200 mg/day for 2 years. At the first presentation in 2016, examination revealed macular pigmentary clumping in both eyes. In subsequent years, pigmentary changes were confirmed by optical coherence tomography, which showed progressive macular thinning in both eyes. In 2019, the patient discontinued PPS; however, she continued to exhibit pentosan polysulfate sodium maculopathy progression for years thereafter. At 4-year follow-up after discontinuation of PPS, the patient returned with stable vision but showed changes in macular lipofuscin deposits with outer retinal and retinal pigment epithelial alterations. Conclusion: This case demonstrates sustained and evolving pentosan polysulfate sodium maculopathy even after drug discontinuation, suggesting that active PPS may have a prolonged half-life in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".