A Series-Type Hybrid Circuit Breaker Based on Flying Capacitor Multilevel Injector With Balanced Switching Operation and Current Limiting Capability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, a series hybrid circuit breaker based on a flying capacitor multilevel injector (FCM-SHCB) is proposed for MVDC and LVDC, which utilizes the multilevel characteristic of FCM to realize the fault-current-limitation modulation and extend operation windows for mechanical switch (MS). Meanwhile, by fully exploring the redundant states of the FCM structure, the proposed FCM-SHCB can avoid the high-frequency operation of one single device in conventional S-HCBs, realizing balanced switching operation of the power semiconductor devices and reducing switching frequency without sacrificing the injection performance. The operation principle and parameters design consideration are detailed. A proof-of-concept FCM-SHCB prototype experimentally demonstrates the proposed solution can maintain the high-speed fault-current breaking ability (150 V/15 A/<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6~\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>s) while obtaining balanced switching operation (half-reduced switching frequency) and current limiting capability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".