Late Holocene Paleoclimate Reconstruction in Debauchery Bay, Northwest Territories Canada using Particle Size Analysis and Geochemical Proxies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Climate variability significantly influences lacustrine systems, impacting physical, chemical, and biological components.This is particularly true of lakes situated in high-latitude northern environments, where the impact of a changing climate is particularly pronounced.Of additional concern in the Yellowknife, Northwest Territories area is the widespread contamination by arsenic associated with ore processing at the former Giant Mine, located just north of the community.In this study, high-resolution ITRAX X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and particle size data obtained from a freeze core recovered from Debauchery Bay in Walsh Lake were analyzed to infer and quantify late Holocene changes within this lake system and their implications for the mobility and fate of arsenic in surface water environments.Through examination of proxy data preserved in an ~ 1000 -year freeze core, results suggest that arsenic sequestration in sediments has been linked with the presence of Fe(oxy) hydroxides in oxygenated shallow sedimentary environments.Climate variability associated with the Medieval Climate Anomaly and subsequent cooling associated with the Little Ice Age impacted sediment geochemistry, demonstrating climate controls on mobility and sequestration of trace metals in high-latitude lacustrine environments.In addition, significant periodicities of 5-8,11-14, 60, 100 -113, and 202 yr periods were observed in spectral and wavelet time series analysis results based on selected XRF elemental and robust End Member Mixing Analysis records.These frequencies are interpreted as corresponding to the combined impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Schwabe sunspot cycles, 30 -60 -yr Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 90-yr Gleissberg cycle and 205-yr Suess cycle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".