Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the effects of optical nonlinearities on wave propagation is crucial for applications such as fiber optic communication, optical signal processing, frequency generation, signal amplification, optical sensing, and quantum optics. While optical nonlinearities such as self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, Brillouin scattering, and Raman scattering are extensively studied in optical fibers, a comprehensive model considering all of these nonlinearities for the most general case of a birefringent fiber has not been reported. In this paper, we present a vectorial model that considers the effects of these nonlinearities on co-propagating and counter-propagating fields for the most general case of birefringent fibers, i.e., elliptically birefringent fibers. Additionally, unlike previous studies, we represent the vector interaction using the frequency-dependent polarization eigenmodes of the fiber. We then use this model and show how elliptically birefringent fibers enable frequency-dependent control over the nonlinear interaction between counter-propagating fields.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".