Seasonal Abundance and Migratory Connectivity of Nearctic Shorebirds in Kourou River Estuary, French Guiana
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Atlantic coast of South America supports many Nearctic shorebirds during their non-breeding season where they use a network of stop-over and wintering sites. To quantify the importance of French Guiana among those sites, we surveyed and resighted banded birds in the Kourou River estuary during two periods: 1989–1997 and 2005–2008. Twenty species were recorded, among which 15 were observed every year, during migration and/or boreal wintering. The most abundant species was Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla), accounting for 57% of all observations. In most Nearctic shorebird species, we observed dramatic changes in numbers and phenology between both survey periods. In the 1990s, the Kourou River estuary was mainly a post-breeding stop-over site; in the common shorebird species the largest numbers were observed in September and October. In the 2000s, only few species still occurred in significant post-breeding numbers, and migration peaks occured later for some of them. Observations of 304 banded individuals of five shorebird species indicated that some staging birds stopped in southern Canada and over-wintered in Brazil or Argentina. Many of our resighted birds stopped over in Delaware Bay in spring. Our results indicate the importance of French Guiana as a fall stop-over for Nearctic shorebirds using Western Atlantic Flyway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".