Effects of Ayahuasca on Ethanol-Conditioned Place Preference and ΔFosB Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens in Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Ayahuasca, a psychoactive Amazonian preparation, is increasingly studied for substance-use disorders. Objectives Investigate whether oral lyophilised-ayahuasca attenuates ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice and alters ΔFosB expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc). Methods Male Swiss mice received water or ayahuasca (130-1950 mg/kg, p.o.) 30 min before each of eight ethanol pairings (2g/kg i.p.) in a CPP paradigm. A separate cohort underwent acute toxicology (650–5000mg/kg) with behavioural-observation and rotarod. Alkaloids were quantified by LC-MS/MS. ΔFosB-immunoreactive nuclei were counted in NAc 24h after the CPP post-test. Results Alkaloids levels were within traditional ranges. High-dose ayahuasca(5000 mg/kg) produced transient-serotonergic-syndrome-like signs and rotarod locomotor-deficit; lower doses did not express toxicity. Ethanol produced a moderate-CPP in controls(ΔTime≈+60s), whereas ayahuasca-pretreatment abolished preference at all doses(ΔTime within±7s). One-way ANOVA on ΔTime showed a robust-Treatment effect(F(3,36)=8.83, p=0.00016); Tukey tests: control differed from each ayahuasca group (all p<0.05), with no differences among ayahuasca doses. ΔFosB density did not differ among groups(p>0.05). Conclusions Ayahuasca was well tolerated at ceremonies-equivalent doses and blocked ethanol-induced-CPP across all doses, while ΔFosB levels in NAc were unchanged at 24h. Limitations on the CPP baseline and ΔFosB results may limit sensitivity, generalisability and interpretation. Findings provide preliminary evidence that ayahuasca-pretreatment may blunt ethanol-context preference, reinforcing the need of replication with stronger reward baselines, naïve controls and complementary molecular markers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".