Effect of U-Shaped Metallic Dampers on the Seismic Performance of Steel Structures based on Endurance-Time Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seismic performance of steel moment-resisting frames is investigated through the incorporation of U-shaped metallic dampers. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of these dampers in mitigating seismic responses by utilizing various analysis techniques. Two representative structural configurations (5 and 10-story) are studied in both damped and undamped states to reveal the impact of dampers on seismic response reduction. The study utilizes the endurance time analysis (ETA) method, known for its efficiency in evaluating structural seismic performance. To validate the analysis results, a benchmark comparison is made through nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA). Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is also conducted to assess structures’ intensity measures with respect to their damage intensity index. The findings demonstrate that U-shaped metallic dampers substantially reduce inter-story drift and story shear forces. Importantly, a close alignment between the results obtained from ETA and NTHA underscores the reliability of the former in assessing seismic performance with supplemental damping devices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".