Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The women of Burkina Faso face a highly complex situation. Nationally and locally, men continue to dominate political life, despite the emergence of protective female figures during the precolonial period, the public role played by a handful of female leaders since the 19th century, and the adoption of gender quota legislation on January 22, 2020. Meanwhile, women’s social and economic progress remains precarious, with major disparities persisting between rural and urban areas and between poorer and wealthier households. For instance, although access to education has expanded since the late 1980s, widespread school closures instituted since 2016 in response to jihadist attacks have prevented countless girls from pursuing their studies. Marriage continues to constitute a key social institution to the point of becoming a source of intense competition between women since the economic crisis of the 1990s. Although rates of female genital mutilation remain significant, they have fallen considerably since the turn of the 21st century. As for family decisions regarding women’s access to and management of land, they continue to reflect a rigidly patriarchal outlook. Although the role of women in migration tends to be overlooked in favor of a decidedly male focus, they have nevertheless represented a central component of internal migratory flows since the early 20th century. Since the 1990s, they have displayed growing autonomy in the labor market, alongside flexibility in matters of agricultural production and land management. Finally, Burkinabe women have found subtle ways of taking their place within different religious traditions. Starting in the 1950s within Catholic missionary orders and especially in the 1990s within the Muslim community and the Assemblies of God, women of various ages have even gained prominence and, in some cases, emerged as opinion leaders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".