Evaluating the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Fabricated from Vernonia Arborea Buch. -Ham and Eleocharis sp. Fibers with PVAc Adhesive
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards fabricated from Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham and Eleocharis sp.fibers with PVAc adhesive based on the SNI 03-2105-2006.A two-factor factorial in completely randomized design was used with adhesive contents of 10% and 20% as the first, and ratios of V. arborea Buch.-Ham to Eleocharis sp. of 30/70, 50/50 and 70/30 as the second factor.The materials were V. arborea Buch.-Ham wood shaving (mesh size of 4), Eleocharis sp.(chop length of 1-2cm), and PVAc adhesive.The parameters were moisture content, density, water absorption, and thickness swelling for physical properties, and modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond strength, and screw holding strength for mechanical properties.However, both properties do not meet the SNI 03-2105-2006 (except for thickness swelling), allegedly caused by imprecise concentration and uneven distribution of PVAc.Additionally, 3h boiling of Eleocharis sp. is not able to remove its wax layer, causing less optimal adhesion between materials.Particleboard with 20% PVAc shows the best result.Principally, the adhesive concentration has significant effects, while the combination between V. arborea Buch.-Ham and Eleocharis sp. has insignificant effects on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards.The evaluated composition is recommended for interior uses (partition walls, wall panels, information boards, and lightweight ceilings), with the addition of coating to improve durability and decorative value.As an additional material, Eleocharis sp. has a high sustainability value due to its availability in nature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".