Two-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites with Spirocyclic Intercalating Cations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two-dimensional metal halide perovskites (TMHPs) are distinguished by their component-dependent material properties, and outstanding photophysical properties, positioning them as promising candidates for optoelectronic devices. Although numerous A-site cations have been integrated into TMHP scaffolds, only a few incorporate complex three-dimensional organic frameworks. Here we report the synthesis of five new TMHP single crystals incorporated with spirocyclic (SC) intercalating cations via a two-step synthetic approach. This method involves the formation of a thiazolidine-derived framework via condensation of zwitterionic ligands and cyclic ketones. Strong hydrogen bonding interactions between the ammonium termini of the SC ligands and the inorganic layers are observed in all the new TMHPs, drawing the SC cations closer to the [PbI 6 ] 4– octahedra and stretching the heterocyclic scaffolds. Computational analyses reveal that the sulfur-containing SC ligands may significantly enhance the charge carrier mobility. These results demonstrate the potential of three-dimensional intercalating cation synthesis for the development of new perovskite-derived structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".