PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF UKRAINIANS AT THE END OF THE 19TH AND IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 20TH CENTURIES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to reveal the causal relationships of the processes of development of the psychology of the main social groups of Ukrainians at the end of the 19th ─ in the first quarter of the 20th centuries. The research methodology is primarily based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the historical-genetic method. The work consistently uses the psychohistorical approach described by Lloyd DeMause. The scientific novelty consists in introducing information about the factors of transformation of the psychology of social groups of Ukrainians in the specified period, its main features, as well as their role in the interaction of these social groups during the Ukrainian revolution. The Conclusion. The causal relationship between the characteristic features of the psychology of social groups and the low consolidation of Ukrainian society during the national liberation movement of the first quarter of the 20th century is proven. It is shown that a significant role in the processes of psychological changes was played by the social environments which individuals encountered, and the correspondent experiences they acquired. It was found out that the main features of the psychology of Ukrainians in the specified period were lack of initiative, introversion, inferiority complex. The reason for their emergence was primarily the traumatic experience of contacts with representatives of the state apparatus, the church, and teachers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".