THE SCOTTISH TRACE IN THE HISTORY OF DANISH-RUSSIAN DIPLOMACY OF THE END OF THE 15 – FIRST QUARTER OF THE 16 CENTURIES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
На фоне развития датско-русских дипломатических контактов конца XV – первой четверти XVI вв. анализируется участие в переговорах на высшем уровне датского посла Дэвида Кокрана. Поскольку в документальных источниках и исторических исследованиях его посольства в Россию представлены, как правило, в свете развития русско-датских отношений, акцентируется внимание на биографии «герлада Давида» и факту признания его шотландского происхождения. На основе русского, датского и шотландского документального материала, сделан вывод о том, что в 90-е годы XV века и в первой четверти XVI столетия послом «о любви и дружбе» от датских монархов Иоганна и Кристиана II в Московии являлся шотландец по происхождению, называемый в русских летописях Давыд или Давид. Датский герольд-шотландец имел непосредственное отношение к процессу развития внешнеполитических связей Дании и России в конце XV- нач. XVIвв., являясь связующим звеном между Копенгагеном и Москвой. С одной стороны, данное обстоятельство позволило дополнить сведения о британцах, посещавших Московию до официального установления англо-русских дипломатических контактов в XVI в., с другой – проследить основания, способствовавшие факту признания в историографии данного лица в качестве первого шотландца, побывавшего в России. Against the background of the development of Danish-Russian diplomatic contacts at the end of the XV – first quarter of the XVI centuries, the participation of Danish Ambassador David Cochran in high-level negotiations is analyzed. Since documentary sources and historical studies of his embassies to Russia are presented, as a rule, in the light of the development of Russian-Danish relations, attention is focused on the biography of "Gerlad David" and the fact of recognition of his Scottish origin. Russian, Danish and Scottish documentary material led to the conclusion that in the 90s of the XV Сentury and in the first quarter of the XVI Сentury, the ambassador of “love and friendship” from the Danish monarchs Johann and Christian II in Muscovy was a Scot by origin, called David in Russian chronicles. The Danish herald-Scotsman was directly involved in the development of foreign policy relations between Denmark and Russia at the end of the XV-beginning XVI century, being a link between Copenhagen and Moscow. On the one hand, this circumstance allowed us to supplement information about the British who visited Muscovy before the official establishment of Anglo-Russian diplomatic contacts in the XVI century, on the other hand, to trace the grounds that contributed to the fact of recognition in historiography of this person as the first Scot to visit Russia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".