Road surface n-factors across elevational and latitudinal treelines, Dempster–ITH corridor, western Arctic Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Relationships between air and ground surface temperatures can be summarized by n-factors for the freezing (nf) and thawing (nt) seasons.The theory of n-factors assumes that a homogenous surface, such as a road, has spatially consistent relationships between ground surface and air temperatures.The 400 km Dempster-ITH corridor in NWT crosses elevational and latitudinal treelines between the territorial border and the Beaufort Sea coast.Road surface n-factors along the corridor have been determined at nine sites to examine their variation in the range of climatic environments encountered.They have also been compared with values from four borrow pits to examine the influence of snow on the n-factor.During the study, air temperatures varied from -42.6 to 26.2 °C over two years beginning in October 2020.Values for nt varied from 1.00 to 1.36, while nf varied from 0.89 to 1.06 at the road sites and 0.10 to 0.76 at the pits.Values for nt of 1.26 and nf of 0.96 appear robust for a gravel road across a range of climatic environments.1
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".