Hemoglobin Rothschild: Structural Rationalization of Decreased O <sub>2</sub> Affinity as a Consequence of a β37(C3)Trp→Arg Mutation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Hemoglobin Rothschild is characterized by a β37(C3)Trp→Arg mutation that severely impairs wildtype hemoglobin function. This mutation has previously been documented to diminish conformational cooperativity, and thereby uppercut oxygen affinity. While the mutation is known to have direct implications on the hinge region at the α 1 β 2 interface, the immediate and indirect manifestations of this mutation have not been rendered using high-resolution molecular visualization software. Further unexplored is whether low O 2 affinity in Hb R is an outcome of a stabilized, unliganded, tetrameric T-state, a liganded, dimerized R-state deprived of quaternary enhancement, or a combination of both. Herein, PyMOL is used to rationalize the structural artifacts of the Rothschild variant that govern decreased O 2 affinity via a stabilized, tetrameric T-state Hb R , and decreased O 2 affinity via Hb R dimerization and loss of cooperative binding in the R-state. Molecular docking simulations were then performed to determine on what grounds O 2 affinity is most attenuated. The result shows that, at the 95% confidence level, reduced O 2 affinity in Hb R is just as much an outcome of a stabilized tetrameric T-state as it is a dimerized R-state lacking quaternary, subunit cooperativity. The work described here builds a statistical framework to accommodate further, pair-wise comparison of low O 2 affinity hemoglobin variants to build intuition on which primary sequence mutations pose the largest clinical consequences.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".