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Record W4399577112 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.3525

Describing Intravenous Extravasation Injuries in Children (DIVE2 Study)

2024· article· en· W4399577112 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Jamil Devsi, Vanessa Paquette, Roxane Carr

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicChemotherapy-related skin toxicity
Canadian institutionsChildren's & Women's Health Centre of British ColumbiaUniversity of British Columbia
Fundersnot available
KeywordsExtravasationMedicineIncidence (geometry)Medical recordAnesthesiaAdverse effectSurgeryEmergency medicineInternal medicinePathology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Background: Extravasation is the erroneous delivery of IV medication or fluid into the extravascular space. Complications ranging from mild injury to amputation can result, depending on the physical and pharmacologic properties of the infusate. Children are at increased risk for extravasation injuries. There is a paucity of data on the treatment and outcomes of extravasation injuries, particularly in terms of the role of pharmacologic antidotes. Objectives: To describe the incidence of extravasation at a tertiary pediatric care centre (as an update to a previous study), to identify the agents most commonly involved in extravasation injuries, to describe the antidotes used for management of injuries and their related adverse drug effects, and to describe complications related to injuries. Methods: The medical records of pediatric patients who experienced an extravasation injury at the BC Children’s and BC Women’s Hospitals, between September 1, 2008, and September 30, 2020, were reviewed. Data regarding management (adherence with institutional protocol) and outcomes of injuries were collected. Results: The 242 charts included in the analysis noted a total of 245 extravasation injuries, for an extravasation incidence of 0.04% per patient-day. Of the 242 patients, 110 were excluded from secondary outcome analysis due to lack of data detailing the extravasation event. Of the remaining 132 patients, the majority were neonates (n = 54, 40.9%), infants (n = 33, 25.0%), and children (n = 34, 25.8%), and more than a third were treated on general pediatric wards (n = 50, 37.9%). The medications most frequently involved were total parenteral nutrition with lipids (36/132, 27.3%), vancomycin (36/132, 27.3%), and IV fluids (35/132, 26.5%). Most of the patients had mild outcomes and recovered without complications. No adverse drug events from antidotes were reported. Conclusions: The incidence of extravasation at the study institution remained low, with the medications involved being similar to those reported in the literature and the majority of patients having mild outcomes. Additional prospective studies are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of antidotes administered for extravasation injuries. Keywords: extravasation, IV medications, pediatrics, hyaluronidase, phentolamine, infiltration RÉSUMÉ Contexte : L’extravasation est l’administration erronée de médicaments ou de liquides IV dans l’espace extravasculaire. Des complications allant d’une blessure légère à l’amputation peuvent en résulter, en fonction des propriétés physiques et pharmacologiques de la perfusion. Les enfants courent un risque accru de blessures par extravasation. Il existe peu de données sur le traitement et les conséquences des blessures par extravasation, notamment en ce qui concerne le rôle des antidotes pharmacologiques. Objectifs : Décrire l’incidence des extravasations dans un centre de soins pédiatriques tertiaires (en tant que mise à jour d’une étude précédente), recenser les agents les plus couramment impliqués dans les blessures par extravasation, décrire les antidotes utilisés pour la gestion des blessures et leurs effets indésirables liés aux médicaments et décrire les complications liées aux blessures. Méthodologie : Les dossiers médicaux des patients pédiatriques ayant subi une blessure par extravasation entre le 1er septembre 2008 et le 30 septembre 2020 aux hôpitaux BC Children's Hospital et BC Women’s Hospital ont été examinés. Des données concernant la prise en charge (c’est-à-dire le respect du protocole de l’établissement) et les conséquences des blessures ont été recueillies. Résultats : Les 242 dossiers inclus dans l’analyse indiquaient un total de 245 blessures par extravasation, pour une incidence d’extravasation de 0,04 % par jour-patient. Parmi les 242 patients, 110 ont été exclus del’analyse secondaire des conséquences en raison d’un manque de données concernant les détails de l’extravasation. Sur les 132 patients restants, la majorité était des nouveau-nés (n = 54, 40,9 %), des nourrissons (n = 33, 25,0 %) et des enfants (n = 34, 25,8 %) et plus du tiers ont reçu des soins dans un service de pédiatrie générale (n = 50, 37,9 %). Les médicaments les plus fréquemment impliqués étaient la nutrition parentérale totale avec des lipides (36/132, 27,3 %), la vancomycine (36/132, 27,3 %) et des liquides IV (35/132, 26,5 %). Les conséquences sur la plupart des patients étaient bénignes et ils se sont rétablis sans complications. Aucun effet indésirable lié aux antidotes n’a été signalé. Conclusions : L’incidence des extravasations dans l’établissement à l’étude est restée faible, les médicaments impliqués étant similaires à ceux rapportés dans la littérature et les conséquences pour la majorité des patients étaient bénignes. Des études prospectives supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour évaluer l’efficacité et la sécurité des antidotes administrés pour les blessures par extravasation. Mots-clés : extravasation, médicaments IV, pédiatrie, hyaluronidase, phentolamine, infiltration

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.167
Threshold uncertainty score0.992

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.283
Teacher spread0.261 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations1
Published2024
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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