Investigating the effects of particle size and relative humidity on bioaerosol disinfection in an in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) technology has garnered substantial attention in disinfecting airborne microorganisms during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that UVGI inactivation performance varies in complex in-duct environments, this study examines the effects of bioaerosol particle size and relative humidity (RH) on the inactivation efficiencies of an in-duct UVGI system. MS2 bioaerosols, with phosphate-buffered saline as suspending media and subjected to a bioaerosol drying process, were used in UVGI tests. At any given RH condition (25 %, 40 %, or 60 % RH), lower UV rate constants were presented for larger bioaerosols (2.1–7 μm) in comparison to smaller ones (0.65–2.1 μm). For humidity, the UV rate constant initially increased and then decreased as RH increased from 25 % to 60 %, peaking at 40 % RH, irrespective of the particle size. Notably, the absence of the bioaerosol dryer altered this trend, where the inactivation efficiency decreased with the increase in RH. In conclusion, our findings suggest that a higher UV dose is required to mitigate hazards from larger bioaerosols in very humid environments. In addition, this work proposes a comprehensive flowchart, a beneficial tool for engineers and designers, which facilitates the effective design and implementation of UVGI technology in controlling bioaerosol hazards.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".