ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: extending to the K-band
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ANDES is a high resolution spectrograph for the ELT, with the goal of providing simultaneous spectra with R 100000 from 0.35 to 2.4 micrometer. The baseline of the instrument covers 0.4 - 1.8 micron. Here we present the study on the extension into the K-band (1.95 to 2.45 micron) with its scientific motivation and the technical solution. The spectrograph design is constrained by external limits, but a solution is found that enables key science cases in this wavelength range and closes the gap in ELT high resolution spectroscopy between the ANDES baseline and the METIS instrument. The spectrograph design is throughput-optimized and is fed by the diffraction-limited input from the ANDES SCAO system. We summarize the preliminary optical and cryo-mechanical design. But, as the available mass is one of the critical parameters, we also look into an alternative implementation of the spectrograph with carbon fiber.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".