Effects of benzoic acid or benzocal-50 supplementation on growth performance and intestinal health in mixed-sex Ross 308 chickens under a high stocking density
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impacts of dietary supplementation with unprotected benzoic acid (BA) or benzocal-50 (protected BA) on the growth performance and intestinal health in mixed-sex Ross 308 broilers under a high stocking density. A total of 768 one-d-old mixed-sex Ross 308 chickens (BW: 43.52 ± 0.68 g) were randomly allotted to 4 treatments (6 replicates with 32 broilers in each): 1) basal diet (NC); 2) basal diet with 30 mg/kg of avilamycin (PC); 3) basal diet with 1,000 mg/kg of BA (PBA); and 4) basal diet with benzocal-50 (330, 330, and 300 mg/kg in the starter (d 1-14), grower (d 15–28), and finisher (d 29–41) phases) (EBA). The normal stocking density during the finisher phase for broilers is 25.0 kg BW/m², but this study used a density of 29.0 kg BW/m² for a high stocking density. The results revealed an increase in the ADG of the EBA treatment compared to the PBA treatment during d 8 to 14 (P < 0.05). In the grower (d 15–28) and finisher (d 29–41) phases, chickens fed the EBA treatment exhibited lower intestinal digesta pH values than those in the NC treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the EBA treatment displayed greater AID of dry matter and crude protein than the PC treatment (P < 0.05). The EBA treatment resulted in an upregulation of sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter and peptide transporter (PEPT1) mRNA expressions in the jejunum on d 14, an increased sodium-glucose transport protein 1 mRNA expression in the jejunum on d 28, and enhanced PEPT1 mRNA expression in the jejunum on d 41, when compared to the NC treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the EBA treatment improved cadherin 1 mRNA expression in the jejunum on d 28 than the NC and PC treatments (P < 0.05). Overall, supplementing benzocal-50 to broilers under a high stocking density led to a decrease in gut pH, contributing to reduced fecal score and an overall enhancement in the gut barrier function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".