Multiscale Progressive Failure Analysis for Composite Stringers Subjected to Compressive Load
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The fiber-reinforced composite stringer is commonly used in large civil aircraft wing structures. Under compression loads, it exhibits complex failure modes, with matrix cracking being one of the most common. The quantitative analysis of matrix failure is important and difficult. To address this issue, a multiscale method combining the generalized method of cells (GMC) and macroscopic FEM models is employed to quantitatively predict matrix damage and failure. The extent of matrix damage in the composite structure is represented by the number of failed matrix subcells within the repeating unit cells. The 3D Tsai-Hill failure criterion is established for the matrix phase, and the maximum stress failure criterion is applied to the fiber subcell. Upon meeting the criterion, the stiffnesses of the failed subcells are immediately reduced to a nominal value. In the current study, the ultimate loads, failure modes and load-displacement curves of composite stringers subjected to compressive load are obtained by the experiment approach and the proposed multiscale model. The experimental and simulation results show good agreement, and the multiscale analysis method successfully predicts the extent of matrix damage in the composite stringer under compressive load. The number of failed matrix subcells quantitatively evaluates the damage extent within a 2 × 2 GMC model. The findings reveal that matrix subcell failures primarily occur in the 45° and -45° plies of the middle part of the stringer composite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".