A surge in fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension cases within 1 year from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic lockdown: A case series
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: A surge in the number of cases of fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) was observed within 1 year of the lockdown due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in March 2020. This study aims to describe the characteristics, outline of management, and final visual outcome for six cases diagnosed with fulminant IIH. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of six adult patients diagnosed with fulminant IIH, between May and November 2021, based on their presentation at the University of Ottawa, Eye Institute. RESULTS: All six patients were diagnosed with fulminant IIH (five females and one male). Five out of six patients were obese and one patient was overweight. Medical treatment included the administration of acetazolamide (2-4 g/day) to all patients and intravenous methylprednisolone in four patients. Surgical treatment (optic nerve sheath fenestration) was performed for all patients. Visual function improved for three out of the six patients, two patients remained stable, and one patient got worse. CONCLUSION: There has been a recent surge in the number of cases of fulminant IIH in the COVID-19 lockdown period. The negative impact of COVID-19 on health led to an increase in weight, which is thought to have played a role in this recent increase in fulminant IIH cases. Urgent surgery, coupled with acetazolamide administration, is recommended for such patients. Patient compliance and close follow-up are recommended for early detection of relapse.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".