Sprint interval training in the postpartum period maintains the enhanced cardiac output of pregnancy: A case study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract During pregnancy an increased cardiac output () and blood volume (BV) occur to support fetal growth. Increased and BV also occur during chronic endurance exercise training and benefit performance. We investigated if sprint interval training (SIT) undertaken early postpartum maintains the elevated and BV of pregnancy and benefits performance. The participant, a competitive field hockey player and former cyclist, visited our laboratory at 2 weeks of gestation (baseline) and postpartum pre‐, mid‐ and post‐intervention (PP pre , PP mid and PP post ). Delivery was uncomplicated and she felt ready to start the SIT programme 5 weeks postpartum. Inert gas rebreathing was used to measure peak exercise ( peak ); was measured with a metabolic cart; and postpartum haematological values were measured with carbon monoxide rebreathing. The 18 SIT sessions progressed from four to eight sprints at 130% of peak power output. peak increased from baseline at all postpartum time points (baseline 16.2 vs. 17.5, 16.8 and 17.2 L/min at PP pre , PP mid and PP post , respectively). Relative remained below baseline values at all postpartum measurements (baseline 44.9 vs. 41.0, 42.3 and 42.5 mL/kg/min at PP pre , PP mid and PP post , respectively) whereas absolute rapidly reached baseline values postpartum (baseline 3.19 vs. 3.12, 3.23 and 3.18 L/min at PP pre , PP mid and PP post , respectively). Postpartum BV (5257, 4271 and 5214 mL at PP pre , PP mid and PP post , respectively) and Hb mass (654, 525 and 641 g at PP pre , PP mid and PP post , respectively) were similar between PP pre and PP post but decreased alongside peak at PP mid . Peak power was returned to pre‐pregnancy values by intervention end (302 vs. 303 W, baseline vs. PP post ). These findings show that SIT undertaken early postpartum defends the elevated peak of pregnancy and rapidly returns absolute and peak power to baseline levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".