Effect of a fluorinated surfactant on Langmuir monolayer properties of minimal-linker gemini surfactants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new class of carboxylic acid-terminated gemini surfactants which contain the smallest possible headgroup linker (a single bond) has recently been reported in the literature. In this current work, we have explored how Langmuir monolayers of two different alkyl tail chain length variants (n = 12, n = 16) of these surfactants, dubbed Cn-0-Cn, are impacted by mixing with a benchmark perfluorinated surfactant, perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PF). Pure PF and C16-0-C16 monolayers share similar general characteristics, yielding compact, incompressible, solid-like films at the air-water interface. In contrast, the shorter tail chain variant, C12-0-C12 forms expanded, compressible liquid-like films. While both tail chain variants formed mixed films with PF that were generally expanded in comparison with their pure components, and were also phase-separated, the extent of interactions between film components and the resulting micron-scale morphology of the mixed films were different for the two alkyl chain lengths. Overall, PF induces different packing behavior in both the systems and the observations are attributed to the difference in the dispersion forces originating from the tail chain length differences.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".