UV LED wastewater disinfection: The future is upon us
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The world's first full-scale, 280 nm UV LED reactor for wastewater disinfection was tested at flows of 545 and 817 m3 day−1. The system achieved a > 3 average log reduction of total coliform at 545 m3 day−1 and the 817 m3 day−1 flow rate achieved over a > 2.5 average log reduction for all operational conditions. The delivered fluence of the full-scale system ranged from 28 to 148 mJ cm−2 and aligns with a UV auditing study that was conducted prior to the installation of the wastewater reactor. These results benchmark the performance that can be achieved by UV LED disinfection and further connect bench-scale disinfection results with full-scale performance. The approach established in this manuscript provides a novel tool for utilities when considering emerging UV disinfection technologies. In summary, this study establishes that UV LEDs are an effective wastewater disinfectant at-scale and are comparable to conventional low-pressure UV systems. This is the first instance where the efficacy of UV LEDs for municipal wastewater disinfection has been demonstrated using a large-scale installation at a functioning wastewater facility.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.020 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it