Enacting Space Law in Malaysia to Transfer Knowledge about Outer Space Engineering and Technology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In line with the technological advancement in today’s modern world, many nations embark upon steps to attain the highest achievement in development. Developed countries such as the United States of America (USA), Russia, Canada, Japan and China have shown their own capabilities in the field of space exploration through the creation and launch of satellites and other objects beyond the earth’s atmosphere. Even though such objects are out of the earth’s atmosphere, there should be, however, laws to control such activities. This study’s objective is to review affairs pertaining to the enactment of space law and its role in outer space activities. This review study used a qualitative method through the instruments of document analysis and observations. The results of this study found that it is indeed necessary and important to enact space laws to regulate and oversee all outer space activities. This matter is crucial in order to avoid any activities, such as in outer space, being carried out without any monitoring and control, which could eventually lead to catastrophes and negative impacts on earth ecosystems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".