Pattern of Macrovascular Complications and its relationship with HbA1c in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disorder causing high blood sugar due to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. It poses a significant global health burden, especially in low and middle-income countries. This study explores how well-controlled blood sugar (HbA1c) affects the types and patterns of complications in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Conducted over six months at a tertiary care hospital, this cross-sectional study included 200 men and women with T2DM. Data were collected through evaluations and documented. Macrovascular complications were identified using specific criteria: elevated cardiac troponin I for myocardial infarction, neurological deficits with imaging for stroke, and foot ulcers or amputation history for peripheral vascular disease. Results: Macrovascular complications were found in 33% of patients, with myocardial infarction being the most common (48.5%), followed by stroke (37.9%) and peripheral vascular disease (13.6%). Patients with complications had significantly higher HbA1c and blood glucose levels. Conclusion: A significant proportion of hospitalized T2DM patients have macrovascular complications, associated with higher HbA1c levels. These findings emphasize the importance of good glycemic control to prevent such complications. J MEDICINE 2024; 25: 136-140
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".