Impact of Diabetes and Hypertension on the Heightened Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death Associated With Metabolic Syndrome: Interrelationship With Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study investigated whether the increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) is primarily due to the presence of diabetes and hypertension, and whether higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can mitigate this risk.Methods: This prospective cohort study included 1,711 men aged 42-60 years from the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease study.CRF was directly assessed via peak oxygen consumption during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing.MetS was defined as the presence of three or more relevant risk factors, with or without diabetes and hypertension.Results: Over a median follow-up of 26 years, 181 cases of SCD were recorded.MetS was associated with a significantly increased risk of SCD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-2.46).However, this association diminished when diabetes and hypertension were excluded from the analysis (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.85-2.19).The upper tertiles of CRF were associated with a lower risk of SCD compared to the lower tertiles (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.31-0.78).Men with high CRF and MetS exhibited a heightened SCD risk (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.63-3.75),which was nullified when diabetes and hypertension were excluded from the analysis (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 0.82-3.08).Conclusions: MetS is associated with an increased risk of SCD, which is mainly influenced by the presence of diabetes and hypertension.High CRF does not reduce the elevated SCD risk associated with MetS; the risk is attenuated only when diabetes and hypertension are excluded.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it