Deep Feature Extraction Framework Based on DNN for Enhancing Mirai Attachment Classification in Machine Learning
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nowadays, the rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has changed many parts of our lives by providing seamless connectivity and automation. However, this expansion has created new challenges and vulnerabilities, especially with regard to security. Mirai botnet, a strain of malware that has severely damaged the IoT ecosystem, is one of the prominent risks to IoT security. This research examines the impact of the Mirai botnet on IoT devices. In this study, we present a hybrid model to detect Mirai attacks. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are used to extract significant deep features, which are subsequently passed to the (Light Gradient Boosting Machine) LGBM algorithm for classification. A dataset from the Canadian Institute 2023 that included several kinds of Internet of Things assaults was used to assess the model. The model achieved excellent feature extraction and promising results with accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score scoring up to 95 % for all. These accuracy results demonstrated the superior performance of the suggested model over competing techniques, which had scores of 71 %, 85%, and 52%, respectively, for Support Vector Machine (SVM), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). Furthermore, the model outperforms the DNN model, which received a score of 65%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".