Real-time Plastic Scintillation Dosimetry of Ultra-High Dose Rate Very High Energy Electrons (VHEE) at CERN CLEAR Facility
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Very High Energy Electrons (VHEE) that can theoretically treat deep-seated tumours and be delivered at ultra-high dose rates (UHDR) could be the solution to translate FLASH radiotherapy into the clinic. Standard dosimeters have limited application in those extreme conditions, but dose-rate independent and fast-response plastic scintillation detectors (PSDs) are a potential alternative to overcome this. In this work, response of a 4-channel PSD to the 200 MeV VHEE UHDR beam delivered with doses and dose rates in pulse up to 90 Gy and 4.6 × 109 Gy/s, respectively, at the CLEAR facility in CERN was characterized, using the Hyperscint RP200 platform. Scintillation light linearity with dose was observed for three scintillators from ∼5-50 Gy, while clear eiber output was linear up to 90 Gy. While linearity on this dose range was conserved even after radiation damage by exposure to 37.2 kGy total accumulated dose, light output signieicantly decreased. This work proves the potential of plastic scintillators for real-time dosimetry of UHDR VHEE beams.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".